Data Handling: Types & Display of Data (College Board AP® Psychology): Flashcards
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Define bar chart.
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Cards in this collection (11)
Define bar chart.
A bar chart is a graph used to display discrete, categorical data, comparing scores or frequencies across separate categories using bars with gaps between them.
Define histogram.
A histogram is a graph used to display continuous data, showing the frequency of scores within equal intervals on an unbroken scale with no gaps between the bars.
What is the key visual difference between a bar chart and a histogram?
A bar chart has gaps between the bars to reflect discrete categories, while a histogram has no gaps because its data is continuous.
True or False?
A symmetrical, bell-shaped histogram indicates a normal distribution.
True.
The shape of a histogram reveals the distribution of scores, so a symmetrical bell shape indicates a normal distribution, while a left or right lean indicates a skewed distribution.
Define scatterplot.
A scatterplot is a graph used to display the results of correlational research, showing the relationship between two co-variables as individual data points.
What does a negative correlation look like on a scatterplot?
A negative correlation appears as points trending downward from left to right, showing that as one co-variable increases, the other decreases.
When the points on a scatterplot are tightly clustered around an imaginary line, this indicates a __________ correlation.
When the points on a scatterplot are tightly clustered around an imaginary line, this indicates a strong correlation.
Define research table.
A research table presents a clear summary of findings using descriptive statistics for each condition rather than raw scores, allowing patterns to be read at a glance.
Which two descriptive statistics are most commonly reported in a research table?
The two statistics most commonly reported in a research table are the mean, representing the average per condition, and the standard deviation, indicating the spread of scores around that mean.
True or False?
On a scatterplot, the direction of a correlation changes depending on which co-variable is placed on the x-axis.
False.
Either co-variable can be placed on either axis, and the direction of the correlation remains the same regardless of which axis is chosen.
What does a zero correlation look like on a scatterplot?
A zero correlation appears as points scattered with no clear pattern, indicating that there is no relationship between the two co-variables.
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