Communication & Language Development (College Board AP® Psychology): Flashcards
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Define phonemes.
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Cards in this collection (13)
Define phonemes.
Phonemes are the smallest units of sound in a language that combine to form words.
Define morphemes.
Morphemes are the smallest units of meaningful sound that combine phonemes into meaningful units.
What term describes the rules governing word order within sentences?
Syntax describes the rules governing word order within sentences.
True or False?
Language is described as fixed because the connection between words and their meanings never changes.
False.
Language is arbitrary and dynamic; words rarely resemble their meanings, and language constantly changes and evolves over time.
According to Noam Chomsky's nativist theory, what is the name of the innate capacity to acquire language?
Chomsky called this innate capacity the language acquisition device (LAD).
Which perspective argues that language is learned through operant conditioning?
Behaviorists argue that language is learned through operant conditioning, as children are reinforced for correct language use.
A child saying 'I goed to the store' is making an __________________________________ error by applying a grammatical rule too broadly.
A child saying 'I goed to the store' is making an overgeneralization error by applying a grammatical rule too broadly.
At approximately what age does pointing, a child's first intentional communicative act, typically emerge?
Pointing typically emerges around nine to twelve months of age.
Define telegraphic speech.
Telegraphic speech is the use of two- or three-word combinations that convey meaning without grammatical words, occurring at around eighteen to twenty-four months.
What term describes a single word that functions as a complete sentence, such as 'milk' meaning 'I want milk'?
A holophrase is a single word that functions as a complete sentence.
True or False?
Babbling consists only of sounds from the language the infant is learning.
False.
Babbling includes sounds from all languages, not just the one being learned.
By approximately what age do most children's grammatical errors disappear?
By age five, most grammatical errors have disappeared and vocabulary has expanded dramatically.
During the cooing stage, what type of sounds do infants produce?
During the cooing stage, infants produce soft, vowel-like sounds, showing early experimentation with the vocal apparatus.
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