A psychologist argues that many universal human behaviors, such as the preference for symmetrical faces, the tendency to fear snakes and spiders, and the capacity for language, exist because they enhanced survival and reproduction in ancestral environments.
Which of the following psychological perspectives does this argument most directly reflect?
Evolutionary perspective
Psychodynamic perspective
Humanistic perspective
Cognitive perspective
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Researchers studying the heritability of intelligence find that identical (monozygotic) twins raised apart show a higher correlation in IQ scores than fraternal (dizygotic) twins raised together.
Which of the following conclusions is best supported by this finding?
Intelligence is entirely determined by genetics, and environment plays no role
Genetic factors make a significant contribution to individual differences in intelligence
Shared environment is the primary factor influencing intelligence
Intelligence is a fixed trait that cannot be influenced by environmental factors
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