Energy & Work (OCR A Level Physics)

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Katie M

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Katie M

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Energy & Work

  • Energy is the capacity to do work, therefore:

Transfer of energy = Work Done

  • This principle can be used to form mathematic equations for each type of energy
  • The type of transfer of energy depends on the scenario
  • The most common types of energy that are transformed between each other are:

Kinetic

  • Kinetic is the work done by any object which is in motion

Ek = ½ mv2

  • Where:
    • m = mass (kg)
    • v = speed of velocity (m s-1)

Gravitational Potential

  • Gravitational potential is the work done against gravity when an object is lifted

Ep = mgΔh

  • Where:
    • m = mass (kg)
    • g = acceleration due to gravity (m s-2)
    • Δh = change in height (m)

Thermal

  • Thermal (heat) is the work done on or by a system to transfer heat

E = mcΔT

  • Where:
    • m = mass (kg)
    • c = specific heat capacity (J kg-1 K-1)
    • ΔT = change in temperature (K or °C)

Elastic Potential

  • Elastic potential energy is the work done in stretching or compressing an object

E = ½ Fx = ½kx2

  • Where:
    • F = stretching or compressing force (N)
    • x = extension (or compression) (m)
    • k = force constant (N m-1)

Nuclear

  • Nuclear is the work done by nuclei during the processes of fusion and fission

E = Δmc2

  • Where:
    • Δm = mass defect (kg)
    • c = speed of light

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Katie M

Author: Katie M

Expertise: Physics

Katie has always been passionate about the sciences, and completed a degree in Astrophysics at Sheffield University. She decided that she wanted to inspire other young people, so moved to Bristol to complete a PGCE in Secondary Science. She particularly loves creating fun and absorbing materials to help students achieve their exam potential.