Standardisation
- Standardisation is the term used to describe the identical procedure set up in an experiment (or the questions used in self-report measures) across all conditions/participants which involves:
- Instructions given to the participants
- Briefing before the procedure (including the consent form) and debriefing after the procedure has taken place
- Number of participants per condition e.g. in an experiment with a sample size of 40, the researcher would ensure that there were 20 participants per condition
- Timings: each condition of the IV should run for the same amount of time e.g. 15 minutes for condition A; and 15 minutes for condition B (unless one of the conditions includes a time delay)
- Materials: identical materials must be used, the only exception being if the materials need to change for the IV to be implemented e.g. condition A involves learning a poem underwater and condition B involves learning a different poem on land (a repeated measures design)
- Implementing standardisation allows the research to be replicated and, thus, reliable
Yuki et al.'s (2007) emoticon study used a standardised procedure.
Exam Tip
Procedures used in research which are featured on this page all contribute to a study’s reliability as they exert a measure of control over the proceedings. Reliability is achieved if a study has been set up so that the IV can be seen to affect the DV and, if replicated, the study would show similar results i.e. it is consistent and not liable to fluctuate to any significant degree.