Philosophical Foundations of the American Revolution (College Board AP® US History): Flashcards
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Why was Common Sense so effective with ordinary colonists?
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Cards in this collection (17)
Why was Common Sense so effective with ordinary colonists?
Common Sense was written in plain language that even the less educated could understand.
Define natural rights.
According to John Locke, natural rights are the rights of life, liberty, and property, which cannot be taken away.
According to Locke, what gives a government the right to exist?
Locke argued that a government only exists with the consent of the governed.
Define social contract.
Rousseau's social contract is the idea that people give up some of their power in exchange for the government's protection of their natural rights.
Montesquieu argued that government should be separated into branches so no single branch becomes too powerful.
Montesquieu argued that government should be separated into three branches so no single branch becomes too powerful.
What are the three branches of government in Montesquieu's model?
The three branches are the legislative, executive, and judicial.
How did the First Great Awakening change the way colonists thought about authority?
People realized they could have a personal connection with God, so individuals, not clergy or monarchs, held the power.
How did the First Great Awakening help build an American identity?
It united people across denominations, helping colonists see themselves as Americans, not only as citizens of their colony.
True or False?
Enlightenment ideas strengthened colonial belief in the divine right of kings.
False.
Natural rights and a declining belief in the divine right of kings led many leaders to support a republican government.
What form of government did Enlightenment ideas and the First Great Awakening lead colonial leaders to prefer over a constitutional monarchy?
Enlightenment ideas and the First Great Awakening led many colonial leaders to prefer a republican government instead of a constitutional monarchy.
Common Sense (January 1776) was written by .
Common Sense (January 1776) was written by Thomas Paine.
What argument did Paine make against monarchy in Common Sense?
Paine argued that monarchies violate the laws of nature and religion: if all men are born equal, no man should be king.
Who was the primary author of the Declaration of Independence?
Thomas Jefferson was the primary author of the Declaration of Independence.
The Declaration of Independence names the unalienable rights of "Life, Liberty and the pursuit of ."
The Declaration of Independence names the unalienable rights of "Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness."
Which philosopher's ideas did Jefferson borrow for the Declaration's preamble?
Jefferson borrowed ideas from John Locke for the preamble.
What does the Declaration list after the preamble?
The Declaration lists specific grievances against Parliament and King George III for violating the colonists' natural rights.
True or False?
The Declaration of Independence said citizens must obey any government.
False.
The Declaration says citizens have the right to overthrow a government that does not protect their natural rights.
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