Taxation Without Representation (College Board AP® US History): Flashcards
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Define salutary neglect.
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Define salutary neglect.
Salutary neglect was Britain's policy of limited involvement in the colonies' day-to-day governance before the Seven Years' War, letting colonists make many of their own decisions.
Why did Great Britain end salutary neglect?
Great Britain ended salutary neglect because it needed to repay its debts from the French and Indian War.
True or False?
The Sugar Act (1764) raised the tax on imported molasses.
False.
The Sugar Act lowered the molasses tax but let officers seize goods from suspected smugglers without going to court.
Which rights did colonists say the Sugar Act violated?
Colonists said it violated their right to trial by jury and to a secure home free from searches.
What did the Stamp Act (1765) tax?
The Stamp Act taxed almost anything printed on paper, such as wills and newspapers.
What argument did colonists make against the Stamp Act?
Colonists argued that only their local assemblies could tax them.
Define Declaratory Act (1766).
The Declaratory Act (1766) gave Parliament the right to tax and make decisions for the colonies.
The Townshend Acts (1767) taxed imported goods such as glass, , and paper.
The Townshend Acts (1767) taxed imported goods such as glass, tea, and paper.
What role did women play in resisting the Townshend Acts?
Women urged colonists to make their own goods, such as fabric, instead of buying British products.
True or False?
The Tea Act (1773) made British tea more expensive.
False.
The Tea Act lowered the tax so British tea was cheaper than smuggled tea, but colonists still had to pay a tax on it.
Which company was the Tea Act meant to help?
The Tea Act was meant to help Britain's East India Company stay in business.
Define Coercive Acts (1774).
The Coercive Acts (1774) punished colonists after the Boston Tea Party, closing Boston Harbor and making Bostonians pay for the lost tea.
Colonists nicknamed the Coercive Acts and the Quebec Act the " Acts."
Colonists nicknamed the Coercive Acts and the Quebec Act the "Intolerable Acts."
Define Committees of Correspondence.
Committees of Correspondence were networks that let colonists in different colonies share ideas and coordinate resistance.
What did the slogan "No taxation without representation" mean?
Colonists argued that without colonial representation in Parliament, Parliament could not enforce its tax laws in the colonies.
According to John Locke, what are natural rights?
Locke said natural rights include "life, liberty, and estate [property]."
True or False?
Anger at the new laws turned most colonists against King George III.
False.
Anger was aimed at Parliament; many colonists remained loyal to King George III.
True or False?
The idea of American independence was popular with the general public by 1770.
False.
Independence did not become popular with the general public until 1776, when the colonies were already at war.
Why did the First Continental Congress meet in September 1774?
The First Continental Congress met in response to Parliament's passage of the Coercive Acts.
What did the First Continental Congress call for?
The First Continental Congress called for the repeal of 13 Parliamentary acts and a boycott of all trade with Great Britain.
In May 1775, the Second Continental Congress established the Army.
In May 1775, the Second Continental Congress established the Continental Army.
Define Olive Branch Petition.
The Olive Branch Petition asked King George III to protect the colonists' rights as British subjects; the king rejected it and prepared for war.
Abigail Adams told her husband to "remember the " when making decisions in the Continental Congress.
Abigail Adams told her husband to "remember the ladies" when making decisions in the Continental Congress.
Who was Crispus Attucks?
Crispus Attucks was a sailor believed to be the first colonist killed in the Boston Massacre; abolitionists later cited his sacrifice.
Who were the Daughters of Liberty?
The Daughters of Liberty were a women's group that organized boycotts of British goods and promoted homemade goods.
Which British laws did John Dickinson's Letters from a Pennsylvania Farmer oppose?
John Dickinson's Letters from a Pennsylvania Farmer opposed the Townshend Acts.
Who was John Hancock?
John Hancock was a merchant who served as President of the Second Continental Congress and funded Patriot groups such as the Sons of Liberty.
True or False?
The Sons of Liberty used only peaceful forms of protest.
False.
The Sons of Liberty sometimes resisted British taxes with violence; the Boston chapter staged the Boston Tea Party.
Who was Mercy Otis Warren?
Mercy Otis Warren was a poet and playwright whose plays questioned Britain's right to govern the colonies.
Define Patriots.
Patriots were American colonists who supported independence from Great Britain.
True or False?
Only soldiers contributed to the Patriot war effort.
False.
Ordinary men and women raised money for the war and spied on British military leaders.
How did women support Patriot soldiers during the war?
Women made blankets, clothing, and bandages and served as nurses.
How did men support the Patriot movement besides fighting as soldiers?
Men joined local militias, transported supplies, and acted as protest and political leaders.
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