Politics and Regional Interests (College Board AP® US History): Flashcards
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What weaknesses did the War of 1812 reveal in the United States?
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Cards in this collection (27)
What weaknesses did the War of 1812 reveal in the United States?
The war revealed weaknesses in the nation's infrastructure, financial systems, and capacity to respond to crises.
Why did the government struggle to finance the War of 1812?
The charter of the First Bank of the United States ended in 1811, leaving no national bank.
Congress chartered the Second Bank of the United States in .
Congress chartered the Second Bank of the United States in 1816.
What did the Second Bank of the United States do?
The bank regulated currency and credit, managed federal funds, and provided loans to businesses.
Define American System.
The American System was an economic plan to stabilize the nation after the War of 1812, combining federal funds for internal improvements, protective tariffs, and a national bank.
Who proposed the American System?
Henry Clay proposed the American System.
What were federal funds used for under the American System?
Federal funds paid for internal improvements, such as roads and canals, connecting centers of business to the frontier.
Define Tariff of 1816.
The Tariff of 1816 was the first protective tariff Congress approved on imported goods.
True or False?
The Tariff of 1816 covered only goods that were not produced in the United States.
False.
It also covered goods already produced in the United States, such as glass and paper, and new industries, such as axes and nails.
Why did opponents object to the American System?
Opponents believed national funds should not pay for regional expenses and development.
Why did Southern states dislike the American System?
Southern states felt it favored Northern industries over the South's agricultural economy.
True or False?
Historians believe the American System reduced sectional divisions.
False.
Historians believe it deepened the regional and sectional divisions that led to the Civil War.
What fueled westward expansion between 1800 and 1848?
Expansion was fueled by the federal government's offer to sell cheap land to settlers.
Missouri Territory applied for statehood in .
Missouri Territory applied for statehood in 1818.
Why did Northern politicians oppose admitting Missouri as a slave state?
Slave states would outnumber free states, 12 to 11, upsetting the balance in Congress.
Why did the House of Representatives have a Northern majority?
Representation is based on population, and most of the US population lived in the North.
Define Tallmadge Amendment.
The Tallmadge Amendment (1819) proposed that, as a condition of statehood, settlers could no longer bring enslaved people into Missouri.
Why did Northerners support the Tallmadge Amendment?
Northerners wanted to limit the South's political influence.
Why did Southerners oppose the Tallmadge Amendment?
Southerners saw it as a way to end slavery in the United States.
True or False?
The Tallmadge Amendment became law.
False.
The House supported it, but senators removed it, and the House refused to pass the bill without it, so the bill failed.
Define Missouri Compromise (1820).
The Missouri Compromise admitted Maine as a free state and Missouri as a slave state and banned slavery in future states north of a set line of latitude.
The Missouri Compromise banned slavery in future territories and states north of the line of latitude.
The Missouri Compromise banned slavery in future territories and states north of the 36°30' line of latitude.
What was the balance of free and slave states after the Missouri Compromise?
There were 12 free states and 12 slave states.
Who proposed the Missouri Compromise?
Henry Clay proposed the Missouri Compromise in 1820.
Why did Northerners dislike the Missouri Compromise?
Northerners disliked that slavery had expanded into new territories.
Why did Southerners dislike the Missouri Compromise?
Southerners disliked that Congress set a precedent for making laws about slavery.
True or False?
The Missouri Compromise permanently settled the question of slavery.
False.
It eased tensions only temporarily and did not resolve the issues around slavery.
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