Columbian Exchange, Spanish Exploration and Conquest (College Board AP® US History): Flashcards
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Define Columbian Exchange.
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Cards in this collection (23)
Define Columbian Exchange.
The Columbian Exchange was the exchange of plants, animals, and diseases between the "New World" and the "Old World" that began with the arrival of Europeans in the Americas.
What were the long-term economic effects of the Columbian Exchange?
The Columbian Exchange reshaped economies on both sides of the Atlantic and set the stage for new trade systems.
Define Triangle Trade.
The Triangle Trade was the transatlantic system that exchanged goods, services, and ideas among the Americas, Africa, and Europe between the 16th and 19th centuries.
True or False?
The Triangle Trade exchanged only goods, not people.
False.
The Triangle Trade also transported captured African peoples to the Americas to become part of an enslaved labor force.
Define Middle Passage.
The Middle Passage was the route Europeans used to bring captured Africans from western Africa to the Americas.
Why did many captured Africans not survive the Middle Passage?
Captured Africans died from disease caused by unsanitary conditions, infectious diseases such as smallpox and measles, lack of food, accidents, and punishment for rebelling.
Where were most enslaved Africans in the Americas held?
Many Africans were enslaved in South and Central America, with a smaller number in North America.
The century was the peak period of transporting captured Africans for enslaved labor.
The 18th century was the peak period of transporting captured Africans for enslaved labor.
When did the English ship White Lion bring enslaved Africans to Virginia?
The English ship White Lion brought enslaved Africans to Virginia in 1619.
Which livestock did Europeans bring to the Americas?
Europeans brought livestock such as horses, pigs, and cattle to the Americas.
Define feudalism.
Feudalism was a hierarchy in which common people lived and worked on land owned by rich nobles, who offered them military protection.
Which factors contributed to the decline of feudalism?
New trade markets, new opportunities for wealth, and new labor systems contributed to the decline of feudalism.
As feudalism declined, a system of developed based on trade, industry, and banking.
As feudalism declined, a system of capitalism developed based on trade, industry, and banking.
True or False?
The decline of feudalism weakened the merchant class.
False.
The decline of feudalism led to the rise of the middle/merchant class and the development of new industries.
What did new navigation technology allow European explorers to do?
New navigation technology allowed European explorers to reach the New World.
How did the same navigation technology affect trade during the Columbian Exchange?
The same technology helped to increase international trade during the Columbian Exchange.
Define caravel.
A caravel was a small, easily maneuverable ship.
Which explorers mainly used caravels?
Caravels were used mainly by Spanish and Portuguese explorers.
Define quadrant.
A quadrant was a simple tool that sailors used to determine their latitude.
Define astrolabe.
An astrolabe was an instrument that measured the position of the stars and planets for navigation.
Europeans exposed Indigenous peoples to diseases such as smallpox, measles, and .
Europeans exposed Indigenous peoples to diseases such as smallpox, measles, and influenza.
Why were European diseases so deadly for Indigenous peoples?
Indigenous peoples had no immunity to European diseases.
True or False?
European diseases killed only a small number of Indigenous people.
False.
Large numbers of Indigenous people died, including entire Indigenous communities.
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