The African American Civil Rights Movement (1960s) (College Board AP® US History): Flashcards
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How did Martin Luther King Jr. approach the fight for civil rights?
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Cards in this collection (14)
How did Martin Luther King Jr. approach the fight for civil rights?
King promoted nonviolent, peaceful protest, drawing on his Christian faith and the works of Mahatma Gandhi.
Where was Martin Luther King Jr. assassinated in 1968?
Martin Luther King Jr. was assassinated in Memphis, Tennessee, in 1968.
What did King argue in his Letter from Birmingham Jail (1963)?
He answered critics of nonviolent protest and made a moral argument for civil disobedience: "Injustice anywhere is a threat to justice everywhere."
True or False?
The Children's Crusade (1963) took place in Montgomery, Alabama.
False.
About 4,000 children peacefully protested segregation in Birmingham, Alabama, where police met them with clubs, police dogs, and high-pressure hoses.
Why was the Children's Crusade significant?
Televised images of the violence shocked the nation and won widespread sympathy for the movement.
What was the March on Washington (1963)?
About 200,000 people gathered at the Lincoln Memorial to demand civil rights and economic equality.
What was the key message of King's "I Have a Dream" speech?
King called for the unity of all Americans and an end to segregation.
What did the Civil Rights Act of 1964 do?
It outlawed segregation in public places and banned job discrimination based on race, color, sex, religion, or national origin.
Define Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC).
The EEOC is a federal agency, created by the Civil Rights Act of 1964, that enforces workplace discrimination laws.
The Twenty-fourth Amendment (1964) made the collection of illegal.
The Twenty-fourth Amendment (1964) made the collection of poll taxes illegal.
Define Voting Rights Act (1965).
The Voting Rights Act removed voting barriers such as literacy tests and put federal oversight on registration and elections in areas with a history of discrimination.
How did the Voting Rights Act affect Black voter registration?
It led to dramatic increases in Black voter registration in Southern states.
What did the Supreme Court rule in Loving v. Virginia (1967)?
The Court ruled that laws banning interracial marriage were unconstitutional under the 14th Amendment's Equal Protection Clause.
True or False?
The 1960 sit-ins began at a segregated Woolworth's lunch counter in Greensboro, North Carolina.
True.
Four Black students refused to leave seats reserved for white customers, sparking nonviolent sit-ins across the South and contributing to the founding of the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC).
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