The New Deal (College Board AP® US History): Flashcards
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What was the aim of the Hawley-Smoot Tariff (1930)?
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What was the aim of the Hawley-Smoot Tariff (1930)?
It aimed to protect American industries by reducing foreign competition.
Why did the Hawley-Smoot Tariff backfire?
Other nations retaliated with their own tariffs, which cut international trade and deepened the global depression.
Define New Deal.
The New Deal (1933-1939) was Franklin D. Roosevelt's set of policies to tackle the Great Depression, built on the "3 Rs": relief, recovery, and reform.
What happened in Roosevelt's first hundred days?
Congress met in a special session and passed 15 significant bills on financial reform, job creation, and agricultural relief.
The Public Works Administration (PWA) funded large-scale projects, providing jobs building dams, roads, and bridges.
The Public Works Administration (PWA) funded large-scale infrastructure projects, providing jobs building dams, roads, and bridges.
How did the Works Progress Administration (WPA) support the arts?
The WPA paid musicians, visual artists, and actors so they could keep bringing culture to their communities.
What did the Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) do?
The TVA created jobs building dams and power plants and working on flood prevention in the Tennessee Valley.
What did the Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) provide?
The CCC provided jobs for young men in national parks and forests, earning money to send home.
Define Bank Holiday.
The Bank Holiday was Roosevelt's temporary closure of banks to restore public confidence and make sure they were financially stable before reopening.
What did the NRA do?
The NRA set minimum wages, maximum hours, and fair labor standards, and let businesses coordinate prices and wages.
Define Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC).
The FDIC is a federal agency that insures bank customers' deposits, helping rebuild trust in the banking system.
What did the Social Security Act introduce?
It introduced a federal pension for workers who contribute while employed, plus financial help for people with disabilities and the unemployed.
Define Glass-Steagall Act (1933).
The Glass-Steagall Act separated commercial banking from investment banking to prevent risky financial practices.
How did the New Deal change the federal government's role?
The US became a "limited welfare state," taking more responsibility for citizens' welfare, as big government replaced the laissez-faire approach.
True or False?
The New Deal brought full economic recovery by the end of the 1930s.
False.
The New Deal provided jobs and immediate relief, but full recovery did not come until World War II.
Which groups did the New Deal draw to the Democratic Party?
The New Deal drew working-class Americans, minority groups, and rural populations to the Democratic Party.
True or False?
The Hawley-Smoot Tariff (1930) lowered tariffs on imported goods to boost international trade.
False.
The Hawley-Smoot Tariff imposed one of the highest tariffs on imported goods in history, aiming to protect American industries from foreign competition.
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