Native American Societies Before European Contact (College Board AP® US History): Flashcards
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When did the first people arrive in the region now known as North America?
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Cards in this collection (37)
When did the first people arrive in the region now known as North America?
The first people arrived in North America during the Ice Age.
The first people reached North America by traveling across a land bridge that connected North America to .
The first people reached North America by traveling across a land bridge that connected North America to Asia.
Between which two places did the early migration through the Americas stretch?
The early migration through the Americas stretched from Alaska to South America.
True or False?
The migration of early peoples through the Americas took less than a century.
False.
The migration took more than 1,000 years.
Why did early peoples migrate across the land bridge into North America?
Early peoples migrated because they were following large herds of animals.
Early migrants followed large herds of animals, such as .
Early migrants followed large herds of animals, such as mammoths.
How did early migrants survive as they moved through the Americas?
Early migrants survived by eating plants, small game, and fish.
Early peoples migrated into the Americas in groups.
Early peoples migrated into the Americas in small groups.
What formed across the Americas as a result of these early migrations?
Hundreds of different tribes formed across the Americas as a result of these early migrations.
True or False?
The tribes that formed after the migration all shared the same social structures and cultural traditions.
False.
The tribes developed different social structures, cultural traditions, and agricultures.
In which present-day country was the Aztec civilization located?
The Aztec civilization was located throughout much of present-day Mexico.
What was the capital city of the Aztec civilization?
Tenochtitlan was the capital of the Aztec civilization, located near present-day Mexico City.
Define chinampas.
Chinampas were "floating gardens" that the early Aztecs used to grow crops in crowded urban areas.
True or False?
The Aztecs worshipped a single god, Huitzilopochtli.
False.
The Aztecs were polytheistic; Huitzilopochtli was their chief god, the god of war and the sun.
The Aztecs developed a -day solar calendar.
The Aztecs developed a 365-day solar calendar.
Where did the early Incas settle?
The early Incas settled in the Andes Mountains of Peru.
Define terraces in Inca agriculture.
Terraces were sections carved out along mountainsides so the Incas could farm in mountainous terrain.
Which Inca achievement improved both travel and communication across their territory?
The Incas built a vast road system that improved travel and communication across their territory.
How was Mayan government organized?
Mayan city-states had no central government; each was ruled by a single family.
The Mayans conceived the mathematical concept of .
The Mayans conceived the mathematical concept of zero.
True or False?
Scholars believe the Mayans abandoned their cities for a single reason.
False.
Scholars think the Mayans left their cities because of overpopulation, changes in trade routes, drought, and other factors.
What made corn a nutritious food for early civilizations?
Corn was high in fiber, essential minerals, and a variety of vitamins.
True or False?
Early civilizations used corn only as a food source.
False.
Corn was also used to make storage baskets, as fuel for fires, and for trading as currency.
True or False?
Only a few thousand people lived in North America by 1491.
False.
Approximately 5 million people lived in North America by 1491.
To which three factors had Indigenous peoples of North America adapted?
Indigenous peoples had adapted to the climate, geography, and available natural resources of their regions.
Where was maize first domesticated?
Maize was first domesticated in Mexico, approximately 9,000 years ago.
Why did maize help economic systems and trade develop between communities?
Maize had a high yield per acre, which produced a surplus crop and increased population and wealth.
True or False?
In maize-growing communities, every community member had to farm.
False.
Not all community members had to farm, so other roles, such as community leaders, developed.
Maize cultivation led to settlements and more complex hierarchies.
Maize cultivation led to permanent settlements and more complex hierarchies.
Which building material did the Pueblo people use for their dwellings?
The Pueblo people used adobe to build their dwellings, some on cliffs and ledges in canyons.
How did the Hohokam people move water across their land?
The Hohokam built a sophisticated irrigation system of canals that used the slope of the land to transfer water.
True or False?
All the tribes of the Great Basin and Great Plains were nomadic.
False.
Some tribes were nomadic, while others lived in permanent settlements.
The Iroquois built homes known as .
The Iroquois built homes known as longhouses.
Define Three Sisters.
The Three Sisters were the crops corn, beans, and squash.
Define shift farming.
Shift farming is burning forests and then planting crops in the nutrient-rich soil that contains the wood ashes.
Which two kinds of links did Atlantic Seaboard tribes build with neighboring tribes?
Atlantic Seaboard tribes built trading networks and made political alliances with neighboring tribes.
Why did Northwest and California tribes create totem poles?
They created totem poles to commemorate ancestors, historical events, and people.
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